北京市3～6岁异常视力儿童屈光状态分析

The refractive state of 3～6 years old Child with anormalous visual acuity in Beijing

了解北京市3～6岁异常视力儿童屈光状态.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,对北京市3～6岁儿童(5 586名)的视功能进行了调查,本文仅就单眼裸眼视力<0.9者(370例、740只眼)的屈光状态及伴斜视、弱视患儿的屈光状态进行了分析.结果 屈光不正总患病率为6.53%,远视、混合散光、近视患病率依次为:4.76%、1.56%、0.30%(P<0.01);轻、中、重度屈光不正患病率依次为:3.68%、2.05%、0.90%(P<0.01);屈光不正分布有地区差异(城镇高于农村,P<0.01)和年龄特点(4岁组患病率高于其他年龄组,P<0.01);斜视患病率为0.80%,弱视患病率为2.22%,弱视首次检出率84.85%.远视性屈光不正是导致斜、弱视的主要病因.

To survey the refractive state of 3-6 years old childen with anomalous visual acuity in Beijing. Methods An epidemiologic survey of visual acuity, refractive state,diviation and amblyopia of 3-6 years old children (5 586 children) was carried out in Beijing,370 children (740 eyes) with refractive error among the children whose visual acuity <0. 9 were reported in this paper. Results The detentive rate of refractive error was 6. 53% . The prevalences of hypermetropia, myopia and mixed astigmia were 4. 76% ,0. 3% and 1. 56% respectively (P<0. 01);The prvalences of mild, moderate and severe degree of refractive error were 3. 68%,2. 05% and 0. 90%(P<0. 01); The prevaleule of squint was 0. 80%. The prevalence of amblyopia was 2. 22% . The sort and the degree of refractive error were related to amblyopia closely. The prevalence of refractive error in city was ligher than that in country( P <0. 01) ;The prevalence of 4 years old group was the highest(P<0. 01). Conclusion Hypermetropic refractive error the main cause of squint and amblyopia.