柔道投技中大外刈技术的三维运动学分析

The Three-Dimensional Kinematic Analysis on Osoto Gari of Nage Waza in Judo

大外刈等传统的柔道投技技术是运动员练习最多、比赛中应用最广、最容易得分的主要技术手段,本文以北京体育大学竞技体校8名优秀柔道运动员为研究对象,并把其分为优秀组和普通组,采用运动学录像解析的方法并结合运动解剖学的基本理论对两组运动员大外刈技术进行量化分析和评价,研究和剖析大外刈技术动作的运动原理和动作结构特征。并得出以下结论:(1)优秀组运动员在技术过程中动作的幅度和速度大于普通组,动作效果较普通组好。(2)优秀组和普通组在右腿后刈阶段左臂动作存在技术不合理之处:即都是左臂用力后拉对方衣袖,而不是和右臂一起前推对方身体。今后的训练中应对此加以重视和改进。

The traditional Nage waza skill such as Osoto gari is one of the most important skills in judo, which players exercise most, apply most and apt to score easily, our study choose 8 outstand judo players from athletics school of Beijing Sport University as our research object,divide them into outstanding groups and general groups, using Kinematic analysis, combining with theory of sports anatomy to analyze and evaluate the Osoto gari of two groups in judo. According to the research, we get these conclusions： （1）The speed and the rate of outstanding groups are bigger than general groups （2）The technology of the outstanding groups and general groups both have the technical unreasonable place： in the right leg backward swinging stage, they pull opponent＇s sleeves backward with their left hands, but not push opponent＇s body with right hands together.