防治棉花黄萎病生防菌的筛选及其防治效果评价

Screening of Biocontrol Bacterial against Verticillium Wilt of Cotton and Evaluation of Its Control Effection

研究采用平皿对峙和促生实验相结合的筛选方法,从棉花根际土壤中分离到282株细菌,加上实验室筛选获得的对番茄有防病促生作用的21株细菌进行抑菌活性测定,共获得对棉花黄萎病菌有拮抗作用并能够有效促进棉花发芽和生长的菌株10株。通过盆栽和小区试验筛选,获得了5株对棉花黄萎病有良好防治效果的拮抗细菌,分别为S44、S258、S128、S37、S171,对棉花黄萎病的田间相对防效分别为38.53%、60.29%、39.58%、32.75%和37.02%,而化学农药福多甲的防治效果仅为28.34%。同时5株生防菌均能促进棉花生物量的增加。

282 strains were isolated from cotton rhizosphere in this experiment,21 strains with efffect of growth prmotion and control diseases on Processing Tomato were screened in our lab. Ten strains were isolated as antagonistic bacteria against Verticillium dahliae. These strains could promote the germinafion of cotton seed and the accummulation of the biomasses with the combined method of experiment of antagonism and germination promoting. The results of pot and field experiment indicated that strains S44, S258, S128, S37 and S171 had better effect than control. In field experiment, the relative control effect of strains S44, S258, S128, S37 and S171 were 38.53%, 60.29%, 39.58%, 32.75% anti 37.02%,respcctively. While the control effeciency of the Fuduojia only was 28.34%. All of fire five stains were capable of accelerating cotton seeds germination and increasing yield.