抑郁症患者的创伤性事件与创伤后应激症状的初步分析

A Pilot Study on Traumatic Events and PTSD Symptoms among Inpatients with Depression

目的初步探讨抑郁症患者的创伤性事件,及其与创伤后应激症状(IES-RC)的关系。方法采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、创伤性事件问卷(TESI)和事件影响量表-修订版(IES-RC),评定了93例抑郁症的住院患者。结果(1)92%的患者经历过至少1件创伤性事件,74%经历的是3件或以上的多重精神创伤;最常见的创伤事件是"亲朋好友的突然死亡"48%、"自然灾害"42%、"目睹家庭暴力"30%。(2)创伤性事件数量与抑郁症患者的IES-RC总分、回避性亚症状分呈正相关,有统计学意义(r,p分别为0.30,0.018;0.34,0.007),但是与抑郁、焦虑症状无关(p>0.05);IES-RC总分与抑郁症状无关(p>0.05),但与焦虑症状关系密切(r=0.46,p=0.000)。(3)某些具体的创伤性事件与IES-RC、SDS分呈正相关,有统计学意义(p<0.05),但SAS分与具体的事件均无关(p>0.05)。结论抑郁症患者普遍经历较多的创伤性事件;创伤事件数量会增加抑郁症患者的焦虑和创伤后应激症状;抑郁症状则与创伤数量无关,但与具体的创伤性质关系密切;减少精神创伤有助于缓解抑郁症患者的抑郁及其他合病症状。

Objective To evaluate the relationship of lifetime traumatic events and current posttranmatic stress disorder （PTSD） symptoms in inpatients with depression. Methods Prior to entry into treatment, participants in the study consisted of 93 （65 % female） depressed individuals who completed self-reported measures of trauma and PTSD symptoms by Self-Rating Depression Scale （ SDS ） , Traumatic Events Screening Inventory （TESI） , Impact of Event Scale-Revised （Chinese Version） （ IES -RC ） , and so on. Results （ 1 ） 92% participants reported at least 1 traumatic event and 74% no less than 3 in their lifetime; The most prevalent traumas experienced by the entire sample of participants were sudden death of close friend or beloved one （48%） , natural disaster （42%）, witnessing domestic violence （30%）. （2） The number of trauma was significantly associated with the level of PTSD symptoms, particularly avoidance （ r,p = 0.30,0. 018 ;0.34,0. 007 ） ;The total score of IES-RC was significantly associated with the level of anxiety symptoms （r = 0. 46 ,p = 0. 000）. （3） Some traumatic events were significantly associated with the scores of IES-RC and SDS （p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Lifetime traumas are present in a sizeable percentage of inpatients with depression; It may be useful for controlling the depressed and other anxiety symptoms in depressed patients.