川西冬虫夏草分布及生境中种子植物区系研究

The Studies on the Distribution of Cordyceps Sinensis and Flora of the Seed Plants in its Habitats in the West of Sichuan Province

通过对四川西部冬虫夏草分布及生境的详细调查并对生境中种子植物区系地理特征进行分析,结果表明:在川西,海拔4,200-4,900米的高山草甸是冬虫夏草主要的生境,生境中植物种类较少,以草本为主,灌丛多是低矮或垫状灌丛,极少有高大乔木分布,主要伴生植物是珠芽蓼、圆穗蓼、垂叶黄精、小大黄、土大黄和金露梅等,盖度70%-85%;分布区内共出现种子植物269种(草本植物250种,灌木19种),隶属于38科、136属,优势科为禾本科和菊科,优势属不明显;植物区系地理成分多样,有11个分布类型和8个变型,温带性质明显(温带科率为76.00%,属率为86.67%),以北温带为主,缺乏热带分布型和中国特有分布型,特有现象不明显。

The distribution of Cordyceps Sinensis and its habitats were researched in detail in this paper. At the same time, we made an analysis on the floristic analysis of the seed plants. The results indicate： in the west of Sichuan, the alpine Kobresia Meadow whose altitudes are between 4,200 meters and 4,900 meters are the main habitats of Cordyceps Sinerlsis. In the habitats, the kind of plant is few, and is mainly covered with herbage. The shrubs are mainly short or cushion -like shrub, and the lofty arbors are uncommon; the main companion plants in the habitat are： P. vivipamm,P, macrophyllum,P. curvistylum,R. acetosa,R. pumilum and P. frutieosa etc. The cover degree is 70% -85%. The soil is mainly two kinds： the dark brown soil and alpine brown soil There are 269 species of seed plants （herbage 250 species, shrub 19 species） which belong to 38 families and 136 genera in the distributional area, the grarnineae and compositae families are predominant, but the predominant genus is not obvious. The flora elements of the habitats are diverse. Their geographical distribution can be classified into 11 types and 8 subtypes, and the temperate elements, especially the north -temperate elements, are dominant in the floristic, and the endemic appearance is not significant.