石羊河流域地下水恢复的农业节水措施研究

Agricultural Water-saving Measures of Groundwater Recharge in Shiyang River Basin

对石羊河流域自然概况和水资源转化特征进行了详细描述;建立了石羊河流域水资源转化模型,用以反映全流域的供水、耗水状况及水资源转化利用过程;从不同方面设计农业节水方案,运用模型模拟出方案实施后地下水位的变化过程,进而分析节水措施对地下水恢复的效果。其研究结论为:按照当前农业发展速度及其对水资源的需求情况,中下游灌区的地下水位还将进一步下降;必须采取相应的农业节水措施,以减少中下游地区对地下水的过度开发利用;若灌溉水利用系数提高到0.8,复种面积减少50%及退耕4万hm2,则能较好地起到压缩农业用水规模和恢复地下水的效果。

Firstly, general nature situation and water resources transformation character of Shiyang River Basin are described in detail. Then, water resources transformation model in Shiyang River basin is developed, which is used to show water supply, consume, transformation and utilization process in whole river basin. Finally, agricultural water-saving measures are designed and used in the model to simulate the change process of groundwater level. The research conclusion is that groundwater level of the irrigation areas in the middle and lower reaches will descend ulteriorly according to the current agriculture development rate and water resources demand condition, the corresponding agricultural water-saving measures must be adopted to reduce the overmuch exploitation and utilization to groundwater, and the third scheme will conduce to reduce the agricultural water use scale and recharge groundwater of the area in the middle and lower reaches.