美国劳动法上的雇主信息提供义务及其启示

The Duty to Produce Data of Employer of U.S. Labor Law

关于雇主信息提供义务的规定在我国劳动法上迄今尚未完善。对这一问题的真正解决,有赖于对雇主信息提供义务的性质、范围和判断基准的完整理解。基于这种方法论上的考虑,本文从雇主提供信息义务的正当依据——"实质有用性"和"相关性"标准,以及雇主的抗辩理由——"秘密性"标准两个角度入手,透过对美国劳动法上雇主信息提供义务法制的的比较观察,勾勒出雇主信息提供义务程序结构的完整轮廓。在实际中,需要对工会维护劳动者合法权益的职责利益,以及因信息披露而遭受侵害的雇主合法权益二者进行利益衡量,才能最终确定雇主是否具有提供信息的义务。

The study on the duty to produce the data of employer has been illegible and curtail in the field of Chinese labor law, To solve the problem, a full understanding on the character and meaning of the duty to produce the data of employer is necessary. By observing the construction of the American duty to produce the data of employer, the paper tries to put forward the concept from two aspects. The scope of the duty is only formed by weighing between the need of the labor union and the lost of the employer.