湖泊碳循环及碳通量的估算方法

Carbon Cycle of Lake and Estimate Method of Air-water Carbon Dioxide Exchange Quantities

湖泊由于其特殊的地理位置,较高的生产力,在碳循环中具有重要作用。作为湖泊营养元素的碳在湖泊水体中的赋存形态主要包括:碳酸盐系统(CO2,CO32-,HCO3-,H2CO3)、溶解态有机碳、生物死亡残体颗粒碳及生物体有机碳等。研究表明包括有机碳和溶解态无机碳在内的全世界湖泊总碳汇为0.077Gt/a,其中对大气的汇达到0.0532Gt/a。湖泊除从地表径流、地下水获得碳以外,还可从空气物质中获得碳。估算及测定水气界面CO2通量的方法主要有:①赖利估算法;②单侧扩散法;③同位素估算法;④涡度相关法;⑤静态箱式法。

Because of the special location and the high productivity of lake, it has an important effect on carbon cycle. The conformation of carbon in the lake mainly includes： carbonic acid system （CO2,CO3^2- ,HCO3^-,H2CO3）, dissolved organic carbon, granule carbon, organic carbon in organism, etc. The study results indicate that the sink of organic carbon and dissolved inorganic carbon of lake in the world is 0.077 Gt/a, and about 0.053 2 Gt/a is from atmosphere. Lake can obtain carbon not only from stream of the earth＇s surface and ground water, but also from atmosphere. And several methods for the estimation and measure of the air-water carbon dioxide exchange quantities were introduced,such as Riley estimation method, one side diffusion method, isotope estimation method, eddy correlation method and static box method.