上海地表水资源的特征分析与管理探讨

Characteristics and management of surface water resources in Shanghai

在初步分析水资源条件和特点的基础上,将上海市地表水资源分为内河河网、太湖流域来水和长江口来水三种类型,针对不同的水资源类型,对上海市水资源的管理方法进行探讨:通过减少污水向内河河道的排放,提高污水的处理率和纳管率,最大程度地减少对内河河道的污染;对于太湖流域来水,重点在于确保上游来水水质,保障该水域的污染不至于加重;对于长江口水资源,要妥善解决排污口、取水口的合理布局问题,防止污水长期排放引起的累积污染效应,同时对于盐水入侵,也要通过适当的工程措施,避咸蓄淡,使长江口水资源得到充分利用。

The surface water resources in Shanghai are divided into the inland fiver network, the inflow from the Taihu Lake Basin and the inflow from the Yangtze Estuary. The management of these three types of water resources is studied. By reducing sewage discharge into the fiver and improving the sewage treatment percentage, the pollution in inland rivers can be mostly controlled. For the inflow from the Taihu Lake Basin, the focus is to prevent the water from deteriorating by controlling the water quality. For better utilization of the water resources from the Yangtze Estuary, it is important to alleviate the cumulative effects of pollution by long-term discharge of sewage by allocating the drainage outlets and water intakes rationally, and to prevent the enhancement of saltwater intrusion by hydraulie projects.