含照射与纯化疗的两种不同移植预处理方案对急性、慢性髓系白血病的治疗效果:Meta分析

Comparison of Total Body Irradiation-cyclophosphamide versus Bulsulphan-cyclophosphamide as Conditioning Regimens for Myelogenous Leukemia:A Meta-analysis

本研究旨在观察含照射与纯化疗的两种不同的移植预处理方案对急、慢性髓系白血病患者采用造血干细胞移植(HOCT)的治疗效果和不良反应。计算机检索Cochrane、MEDLLINE、CNKI、CBM在1990-2007年期间发表的关于急、慢性髓系白血病HSCT中不同预处理方案的研究文献;从干细胞植入、移植后的并发症、长期生存率等方面进行对比分析;采用Review Manager软件进行Meta分析。结果显示:检索出2 149篇英文文献和46篇中文文献,最终纳入9个临床对照试验共3 039例患者。分析结果表明,TBI/CY和BU/CY两种预处理方案在植入失败率和移植相关死亡率无明显区别,但BU/CY组移植后的并发症如并发肝静脉闭塞症、出血性膀胱炎明显增加,而TBI/CY组病人移植后的急性移植物抗宿主病、间质性肺炎及白内障等明显增加;不同的疾病在两种预处理方案结局不同,对AML病人TBI/CY组移植后的复发危险明显低于BU/CY组,移植后的长期无病生存也明显优于BU/CY组,但对CML病人则TBI/CY组移植后的复发危险明显高于BU/CY组,而两种预处理方案的长期无病生存无明显区别。结论:目前有限文献表明两种不同移植预处理方案各有优缺点,对AML病人TBI/CY组优于BU/CY组,而对CML病人两组无明显区别。本结果对临床医生合理选择预处理方案具有参考意义。

Total body irradiation combined with cyclophosphamide （TBI/CY） and busulphan combined with cyclophosphamide （BU/CY） are standard conditioning regimens in hematological stem cell transplantation for patients with myelogenous leukemia. This study was aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of TBI/CY and BU/CY as conditioning regiment for acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials （ CENTRAL） ,MEDLINE,CNKI, CBM （Chinese Bio-medicine Database） had been searched for all relevant articles（ 1999- 2007 ）. Comparative studies were carried out on clinical therapeutic effects of TBI/CY and BU/CY including stem cell engraftment, relapse, complications, transplant-related mortality, and disease-free survival. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 4.2 software and funnel plot regression was adopted to assess the publication bias. The resuits indicated that 2149 articles in English and 46 articles in Chinese were got, and finally 9 clinical trials with total 3039 patients have been assessed. No significantly difference was found in engraftment failure and transplant-related mortality resulting from TBI/CY and BU/CY conditioning regimens, but the incidence of veno-occlusion of liver and hemorrhagic cystitis obviously increased in BU/CY group after transplantation, the acute GVHD, interstitial pneumonia and cataract significantly inscreased in TBI/CY group. The relapse rate of AML in TBI/CY group was lower than that in BU/CY group, and the rate of long-term disease-free survival of AML patients in TBI/CY group also significantly lower than that in BU/CY group, but the relapse rate of CML in TBI/CY group after transplantation was obviously higher than that in BU/CY group, but there was no difference in longterm disease-free survival rate between the two conditioning regimens menthioned above. It is concluded that the meta-analysis confirms different effects of TBI/CY and BU/CY regimens on myelogenous leukemia transplantation. This result is useful for physicians to select treatment regimens.