高温、干旱对玉米的影响及相应的预防措施

Effect of High Temperature and Drought on Maize and its Prevention Measures

在玉米整个生育期内,影响玉米正常生长发育的因素很多,高温、干旱是影响玉米产量的主要因素。近年来,随着气候不断变暖,通辽市气候异常,雨热不同季,玉米生育期内降水量少,持续的高温、干旱给玉米正常生产带来严重的危害。为了减少或避免损失,必须采取相应的预防措施,选育抗旱品种是首要任务,其次应加强田间管理,科学施肥,合理密植,改变传统的耕作方式,营造田间小气候。

There are many factors which can influence the normal growth and development of maize during its whole growing period. High temperature and drought are the major influencing factors.In recent years,with climate warming,abnormal weathers occurred in Tongliao City,such as rain and heat in different quarter,less rainfall during the maize growing period,sustained high temperature and drought,which were causing serious damage to the normal maize production.In order to reduce or avoid losses, precautionary measures must be taken without any delay.Breeding drought-resistant varieties should be the primary task. Secondly,some other effective measures should also be carried out,for example strengthening field management,scientific fertilization,rational close planting,changing traditional farming methods and creating microclimate for maize field.