植物孤雌生殖在玉米育种中的应用

Application of Plant Parthenogenesis in Maize Breeding

目前,国内玉米育种在重视常规育种的基础上,配合使用一些辅助育种,加速玉米育种的进程,但因种种限制因素,不能有效地促进玉米育种的发展。文章对近几年的玉米育种方法进行综合比较,孤雌生殖技术在玉米育种上的研究和发展有广阔的前景,利用此技术育成的品系有纯度高、遗传稳定、配合力高、杂种优势强等特点;同时可以缩短育种年限,提高育种效率,固定杂种优势,操作简单易行。

At present, conventional breeding methods were given much attention in China in the field of maize breeding.On the basis of that,some assisted breeding methods were also adopted to marry up those conventional methods so as to speed up the process of maize breeding.However, due to various kinds of limiting factors, the development of maize breeding was not able to be promoted effectively.In this paper,the maize breeding methods in recent years were compared comprehensively.The parthenogenesis technique had broad prospect in the research and development of maize breeding. The strain of breed obtained by using this technique was characterized by high purity,stable inheritance,good combining ability and strong heterosis etc.At the mean time,with simple operation this technique was also beneficial for shortening breeding period,improving the breeding efficiency and fixing the heterosis.