我国刑事证明责任概念论

The concept of criminal burden of proof in China

刑事证明责任是实现刑事诉讼目的和功能的重要一环。鉴于目前学界对刑事证明责任相关问题的纷争,笔者认为纷争的主要症结在于对刑事证明责任概念的内涵的不同把握上。笔者在考察域外刑事证明责任理论和概念及现阶段我国刑事证明责任概念纷争的基础上,通过对举证责任与证明责任关系、我国目前刑事诉讼模式、审判架构、犯罪构成特质诉讼机能的分析,结合对刑事证明责任"负担说"的法律性质的论证,认为我国刑事证明责任与大陆法系国家刑事证明责任的以"刑事证明责任具有以事实真伪不明的不利后果分配的客观责任为基点,映射主观证明责任的双层次性"的本质是一致的。从而最终得出当前我国刑事证明责任的概念,以期建立刑事证明责任责任理论研究的逻辑演绎的同一律。

The criminal burden of proof is an important step to fulfill the aim of criminal prosecution. For the different views on criminal burden of proof, the author holds the view that the main problem is misunderstanding the concept of criminal burden of proof. The author compares the concept of criminal burden of proof with foreign countries, analysis different related concepts, the criminal prosecution mode, trial structure and constitution of a criminal character, then the author believes that the nature of the criminal burden of proof from China and from continental civil law countries is same, which means that the criminal burden of proof is based on both adverse consequence from objective facts and subjective burden of proof. Finally, the author reaches the concept of criminal burden of proof.