二溴海因消毒剂增溶性的研究

Study on the Solubilization of N,N-Dibromo-5,5-Dimethylhydantoin

二溴海因(DBDMH)是一种高效广谱消毒杀菌剂,但其在水中的溶解度很小,只能以固体形成储存和使用。在一些场合使用液态制剂可能更为方便,为此本文研究了提高二溴海因在水中的溶解度的可行性。结果表明,二溴海因在一些含氧和含氮溶剂如乙醇、二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈等溶剂中有较大的溶解度,但除乙腈外,在所试验的其他常用溶剂中皆不稳定。二溴海因在乙腈-水二元混合溶剂尤其是具有共沸组成的混合溶剂中具有良好的溶解性和稳定性。尿素能显著增加二溴海因在水中的溶解度,即具有明显的增溶作用,但二溴海因在该体系中的稳定性不佳。

N,N-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin（DBDMH） is a highly efficient broad-spectrum sanitizers. However,currently it can only be used and stored in the solid state due to its lower solubility in water.In some circumstances liquid state may be more attractive than solid ones.The possibility of solubilizing DBDMH in water was studied in this paper.The DBDMH has a good solubility in solvents containing oxygen and nitrogen,such as ethanol,dimethyl formamide and acetonitrile,but is not stable once dissolved in solvents tested except in acetonitrile.DBDMH was found to have a good solubiity and stability in binary mixtures of acetonitrile-water,especially in the mixture with azeotropic composition.The solutility of DBDMH in water can be greatly increased by adding urea.In this system, however,DBDMH shows poor stability.