护士职业紧张与职业倦怠相关因素多元逐步回归分析

The research on relevant factors of occupational stress and job burnout of nurses

目的:探讨A型行为、应对方式、社会支持、护士一般资料对幸福感、职业紧张、职业倦怠的影响情况和预测作用,为改善护士职业紧张与职业倦怠状况,增强其工作积极主动性提供理论依据。方法:采用一般情况调查表、OSI-R职业紧张量表、MBI工作倦怠量表、A型行为类型问卷、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表及总体幸福感量表对360名护士进行问卷调查,采用多元逐步回归进行分析讨论。结果:有五个维度能联合预测总体幸福感18.07%的变异,有六个维度能联合预测职业任务20.17%的变异,有六个维度能联合预测个体紧张反应24.05%的变异有两个维度能联合预测个体应变能力10.78%的变异,有五个维度能联合预测情感耗竭21.58%的变异,有五个维度能联合预测工作冷漠15.72%的变异,有三个维度能联合预测个人无成就13.37%的变异。结论:对总体幸福感影响较大的因素是支持利用度;对职业紧张影响较大的因素是人事关系、支持利用度和积极应对。对职业倦怠影响较大的因素是消极应对和积极应对。

Objective： To analyze the influential situation and predictable function of style A behavior, coping strategy, social support and normal data of nurses on general well - being, occupational stress and job burnout so as to provide theo- retic basis for improving the situation on occupational stress and job burnout of nurses and inspire their working enthusiasm and initiative. Methods： Normal Situation Questionnaire, OSI - R Occupational Stress Inventory - Revised, MBI Maslach Burnout Inventory, Type A Behavior Pattern, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Social Supporting Inventory and General well -Being Schedule were used to collect the data and analysis of data was made by multiple stepwise regression. Re- suits ： Five factors could jointly predict 18.07% variation of happiness ; six factors could jointly predict 20.17% variation of occupational role; six factors could jointly predict 24.05% variation of personal strain; tow factors could jointly predict 10. 78% variation of personal response; five factors could jointly predict 21.58% variation of emotion exhaustion; five factors could jointly predict 15.72% variation of depersonalization; three factors could jointly predict 13.37% variation of de- creased personal accomplishment. Conclusion ： The factor that has the largest influence on general well - being is utilization of support; the factors that have the largest influence on occupational stress are relationship of human being, utilization of support and active response; the factors that have the largest influence on job burnout are passive and active response.