小种群的灭绝旋涡

The extinction vortex of small population

小种群比大种群更易趋于灭绝。小种群迅速灭绝的三个主要原因是遗传变异性丧失、统计波动以及环境变化或自然灾害。统计波动、环境变化和遗传因子的共同效应被比作一种灭绝旋涡,它促使小种群走向灭绝。

It is much easier for small populations to be extinct than large populations. The three main reasons of the rapid extinction for small populations are the loss of the genetic variability, the demographic fluctuation and the environment diversity or the natural disasters. The demographic fluctuation, environment diversity and genetic factors effects are regarded as extinction vortex, which pushes the small populations toward extinction.