从尼斯比特等人的研究看认知心理学的发展

Viewing the Development of Cognitive Psychology from the Research of Nisbetts and Other Scholars

建立在信息加工范式基础之上的现代认知心理学,把人的认知过程比作是信息加工过程,这种简单地把人类心理进行自然化处理的方式受到了文化心理学的批判,特别是尼斯比特等人用实验证据证明了文化对认知产生的影响,即不同文化背景的思维方式对人们的认知活动有着重要的影响。因此,现代认知心理学要走出困境,必须对当前主流心理学的研究对象、研究方法以及各心理学科之间进行整合,以谋求心理学研究对象的统一、研究方法的互惠和心理学科之间的互动。

Modern cognitive psychology., based on the theory of information processing, views human＇s cognitive process as information processing. This simple method that deals with human psychology naturally was criticized by cultural psychology. Nisbetts and other scholars have used experimental evidence to prove the cultural influence on cognition, that is, thinking patterns from different cultural background have significant impact on people＇s cognitive activities. As a result, in order to walk out of the dilemma, modern cognitive psychology should integrate research objects, research methods and various psychological subjects of contemporary mainstream psychology, and manage to unify research objects, take advantages of research methods and realize the interaction among various psychological subjects.