北京市石景山区奥运相关餐饮业食源性致病菌监测

Monitoring of food-borne pathogen contamination at catering trade serving for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games in Shijingshan District of Beijing

目的监测北京市石景山区奥运相关餐饮业中即食食品中大肠菌群及常见的沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肠致病性大肠埃希氏菌(EPEC)、EHECO157H7、变形杆菌、单核细胞增生性李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌计数等9种食源性致病菌污染现况和动态变化趋势。方法食源性致病菌检测采用国家标准方法《食品卫生微生物学检验》(GB/T4789—2003)及《变形杆菌食物中毒诊断标准及处理原则》(WS/T9—1996)进行。结果全年监测辖区内奥运相关餐饮单位共计194户次,共监测食品样品978件,其中监测大肠菌群的样品931件,大肠菌群超过450MPN/100g(现行食品卫生标准中大肠菌群最高限量)的样品14件,检出率为1.50%,且全年每月大肠菌群超标检出率均低于北京市同期检出率(5.8%～38.1%)。全区监测致病菌和条件致病菌的食品样品942件,共检出致病菌和条件致病菌5件,总检出率为0.53%,低于北京市同期监测检出率4.6%。结论全区奥运相关餐饮业中即食食品中常见食源性致病菌污染状况在北京市处于较低水平,要进一步加强食品卫生宣教及监督力度,预防食物中毒发生,保障奥运食品卫生安全。

Objective To understand current status and dynamic changes in contamination of coliform group, Salmonella, Shigella , Staphylococcus aureus , enteropathogenic Escherichia coli （EPEC）, EHEC O157 H7, Proteus, Listeria monocytogenes , Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, etc, in instant food at restaurants serving the Olympic Games in Shijingshan District of Beijing. Methods Food-borne pathogen and conditional pathogen in instant food were examined according to the National Criteria for Food Hygienic Microbiological Examinations （B/T 4789--2003 ） and Diagnostic Criteria and Principle of Management for Food Poisoning caused by Proteus（WS/T-1996）.Results Totally, 978 food samples from 194 restaurants were examined in Shijingshan District in one year; 931 of them were examined for coliform group, with more than 450 MPN （most probable number）/100 g （the maximal allowable limit in the Criteria） in 14 samples （1.50 percent）, which was lower than the monthly positive percentage in Beijing, in general （5.8- 38.1 percent）; and 942 were examined for pathogen and other conditional pathogen mentioned above, which were detected in five samples （0.53 percent） and lower than detection percentage in Beijing, in general （4.6 percent）. Conclusion Contamination of common food-borne pathogen and conditional pathogen was less in instant food samples collected from the restaurants serving the Olympic Games in Shinjingshan District of Beijing. Publicity, health education and supervision for food hygiene should be strengthened in the District to prevent food poisoning and guarantee food hygiene and safety for the Olympic Games.