大学生自杀意念与心理健康状况调查分析

An investigation of mental health status and suicide ideation in medical undergraduates

目的:调查大学生的心理健康状况,探讨心理因素对大学生自杀意念发生率的影响,为自杀意念的早期干预提供依据。方法:采用自编的自杀调查问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90),采用分层整群抽样方法对沈阳医学院预防医学、公共事业管理和临床医学三个专业的23个班级共568名学生进行调查,采用SPSS系统软件进行分析。结果:下发调查问卷568份,回收有效问卷541份;医学生自杀意念检出率为11.83%;在不同性别、年级、专业、教育方式间比较,医学生的自杀意念发生率均有统计学差别(P<0.01);有自杀意念的医学生与无自杀意念的医学生之间,在抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等十个因子得分均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:自杀意念在医学生中有一定的发生率,不良的心理健康水平是大学生自杀意念产生的重要因素。

Objective： To survey the mental health status and to explore the relationship between the incidence of suicide ideation and mental health status among the medical undergraduates, to provide lines to early prevention. Methods： 568 medicos in Shenyang Medical College were recruited by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, filling in self-compiling suicide investigation questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist （SCL-90）. Results： The rate of suicide idea among medicos was 11.83 %. There are statistical difference of the suicide ideation incidence in groups of different sex, grade, specialty and educational method, the group of suicide idea had worse health condition than those of non-suicide idea. Conclusion ： There was high incidence of suicide ideation in medical college students. Ill mental status was the main factor of suicide ideation in medicos.