化学实验室空气中颗粒态汞检测与污染特征研究

Determination and Study on Pollution Characteristics of Particulate Mercury in Air of Chemistry Lab

在高校区(常州工程职业技术学院)选定3个典型的化学实验室,采集室内空气中的可吸入颗粒物,用湿式消解法提取后采用原子荧光光谱法测定颗粒态汞浓度。检测结果表明:化学实验室空气中颗粒态汞浓度未超过《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》和《车间空气中汞卫生标准》规定值,但却超过《工业企业设计卫生标准》(tj36-79,居住区)规定的浓度标准,说明化学实验室空气存在一定的汞污染。不通风情况下实验室空气中颗粒态汞浓度接近于通风情况下的10倍,说明化学实验室汞污染主要来源于含汞化学试剂,良好的通风条件有利于降低颗粒态汞污染。初步判断气粒转化二次生成的颗粒态汞是颗粒物中汞的主要来源。

The inhalable particles of indoor air was collected in three Chemistry typical laboratory chosen at University zone （Changzhou institute of science and technology）. Particulate mercury extracted by wet digestion was analyzed by atomic fluorescence spectrum method. Results indicated that the particulate mercury in lab which was within the limits of ＂Occupational exposure limit for hazardous agents in the workplace＂ and ＂Health standard for element mercury vapour in the air of workplace＂ exceeded the limits of ＂Hygienic standards for the design of industrial enterprises＂ （tj36 -79, residential area）. It shows that the air of lab has been polluted by mercury. The particulate mercury in airless lab is about ten times concentration of that in aeration lab, which shows that good ventilation is beneficial to reducing particulate mercm3＇ pollution mainly owing to chemical reagent containing mercury. Preliminary analysis suggests that the secondary particulate mercury due to a change from gas to particles is the main sources.