中国环境治理效率的国际比较和历史分析——基于DEA模型的研究

A international comparisons and historical analysis on China's environmental governance efficiency based on the bodel of DEA

运用DEA方法中的C2R模型对我国的环境治理效率进行了国际比较和历史比较分析。国际比较结果发现,我国的环境治理效率较低,只有治理效率高国家的三分之一水平。而历史比较结果却表明,我国的环境治理效率十几年来并没有本质上的提升。通过对比国际比较和历史比较结果,发现导致环境治理低效特征和原因存在矛盾:从国际比较层面看,我国的环境治理效率尚有很大的提升空间且具有规模效益递增效应,但从历史发展的层面看,我国的环境治理效率却基本上具有规模效益不变的特征;从国际比较层面看,通过提高我国的污染控制和环境建设输出,可以提升我国的环境治理效率,但从历史发展层面看,导致最近十几年环境治理效率变化,却是环境质量和环境管理,而这两方面的输出在很大程度上受到资源禀赋和社会其他制度实施的影响,真正易受环境治理制度实施影响的污染控制和环境建设输出变动不大。

This paper did an analysis on China＇ s environmental governance efficiency using the C^2R model in DEA. Through the international comparisons and historical analysis, it found that China＇ s environmental governance efficiency was low and only one - third level of the high - efficiency countries in the international comparison＇s results. In the historical comparison＇s results, China＇s environmental governance efficiency hadn＇t essentially improved by the past 16-years. Comparative the results of the international comparisons and historical comparisons, there were two contradictory phenomena： from the international view, China＇ s environmental governance efficiency there was still much room for improvement and had increased scale effect, but from the historical view, China＇s environmental efficiency had the constant scale. And two models gave different judgments on the inefficiency outputs.