我国牧草种质资源保存、利用与保护

Storage,utilization and conservation of forage germplasm in China

牧草是自然资源的重要组成部分,也是农业可持续发展的物质基础,在我国草地畜牧业生产、生态环境及人民生活中发挥着巨大的作用。为此,论述了我国牧草种质资源调查、收集、保存、研究和利用的现状,存在问题及对今后发展的建议,提出今后应加强优良和珍稀牧草种质的搜集、生态型及遗传多样性的研究和利用、生物技术在优良牧草种质创新的应用、种质保存的时效性和野生状态下牧草遗传变异与进化的速率、短寿命牧草种子保存技术、优良基因的发掘和功能研究以及利用平台的构建、物种或种群保护的生物学基础研究7个重点领域的研究。

Forage play an important role in grassland livestock industry, ecological environment, sustainable development of agriculture as a primary agricultural natural resource. This paper summarized the survey, collection, storage, research and utilization of forage germplasm resource; its current status, existing problems and suggestions about subsequent progress were discussed, including superior and rare germplasm collection, forage genetic diversity research, biotechnology utilization in forage germplasm innovation, duration of germplasm storage, natural evolution speed, storage techniques of short-life seeds, super gene exploration and function, biological base of species and population conservation.