部分禾本科植物Neotyphodium属真菌的分布和形态特征

Distribution and morphological characters of Neotyphodium endophytes in some grasses

2006年3—7月从上海、江苏、安徽和山西等省（市），采集鹅观草Roegneria、早熟禾Poa、黑麦草Lolium、羊茅Festuca、雀麦Bromus和拂子茅Calamagrostis等冷季型禾本科植物共计1487株。内生真菌的总检出率为54．3％，江苏省和山西省禾本科植物的检出率分别高达55．5％和69．0％。这些省市的许多禾本科植物都含有Neotyphodium属真菌，说明Neotyphodium属真菌在我国分布广泛．资源丰富。以分离自纤毛鹅观草R．ciliaris12株Neotyphodium属真菌为材料，详细研究了我国干旱地区Neotyphodium属真菌的形态学特征：在PDA平板上生长很快。21d生长12．5～37．2mm；分生孢子梗长14．9～23．2μm。基部宽1．9～3．1μm，顶端小于1μm，通常基部或近基部有隔膜；分生孢子无色透明，卵圆形或肾形。单个顶生．（4．6～5．9）μm×（2．1～3．4）μm．与其它已知Neotyphodium属真菌形态差异显著，需要进行更深入的研究。

Jiangsu, to be inf Distribution of the Epichloe. endophytes and their host plants were surveyed in Shanghai, Anhui and Shanxi from March to July 2006. In total 1,487 grass plains, 54.3% was detected ected by Epichloe endophytes. In Jiangsu and Shanxi, the infection rates were as high as 55.5% and 69.0%, respective various areas, indicating a wide Y. dis Neotyphodiurn endopytes were detected in these grasses grown in ution and variable inhabitations of epichloe endop Chinese grasses. Morphological characteristics of Neotyphodium isolates obtained from hytes in Roegner native ia cil iaris were investigated further. On PDA plale, colonies grow rapidly to 12.5-37.2 mm/21d, phi alide discrete, arising solitary from the aerial mycelium, septated at the base or middle, hyaline, smooth, 14.9～23.2 ptm long, 1.9～3.1 μm at base, tapering to less than 1.0 μm at tip; conidia hya line, reniform to elliptical, bulk is （4.6～5.9）μm×（2.1～3.4）μm. These morphological characteristics are significantly different from the well-described Neotyphodium species. Their phylogenetic rela tionship remains further researches.