海南省农垦3～6岁儿童麻疹免疫水平监测分析

SURVEILLANCE ON THE MEASLES ANTIBODY LEVEL OF 3-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN IN HAINAN STATE FARMS

[目的]了解海南农垦3～6岁儿童麻疹IgG抗体水平,为制定消除海南农垦麻疹策略提供科学依据。[方法]在海南省的东、南、西、北、中各个方位随机抽取7所农场幼儿园302名3～6岁儿童,采集手指血用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测麻疹IgG抗体。[结果]海南农垦抽查的302名3～6岁儿童麻疹IgG抗体,阳性164人,阳性率54.30%;不同地理位置比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.834,P=0.043);男女性别比为3︰2,男女差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.072,P=0.150);接种过0～3针次麻疹疫苗儿童的阳性率分别是100%、40.90%、54.80%、42.90%,针次不详的儿童阳性率68.63%,接种1～3针次的抗体阳性率间的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=3.20,P=0.202)。[结论]海南农垦3～6岁儿童麻疹疫苗接种率较高,但其麻疹抗体水平明显偏低,未能形成免疫屏障,应及时进行免疫接种和补种。

[Objective] To investigate the measles antibody level of 3-6 years old children in Hainan State Farms so as to provide the scientific basis for measlesprevention strategy. [Methods] 302 children at the age of 2 to 3 years were randomly selected from 7 state farms kindergartens in east, west, south, north and central parts of Hainan. The serum measles antibody were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method. [ Results ] 164 of all 302 samples were detected to be measles antibody positive, and the positive rate was 54.30%. Significant difference was found among different areas （x2 = 9.834. P = 0.043）. The male to female ratio was 3： 2, and no significant difference between them （x2 = 2.072, P= 0.150） . The positive rates in children with 0 to 3 doses were respectively 100%, 40.90%, 54.80% and 42.90% respectively. The positive rate in children with unknown doses was 68.63%. There was no significant difference among the positive rates of 1 dose groups to 3 doses group （x2= 3.20, P = 0.202）. [ Conclusion] The vaccinated rate showed to be high in 3-6 years old children in Hainan State Farms. but the antibody levels were obviously low and had not formed the immune barrier to prevent children from measles. Therefore. children in those areas should take the fully immunization or a booster vaccination.