碘化钾-溴化四丁基铵体系浮选分离锑(Ⅲ)

Floatation separation of antimony(Ⅲ) with potassium iodide-tetrabutyl ammonium bromide system

研究了溴化四丁基铵-碘化钾体系分离锑(Ⅲ)的行为及锑与其他金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在水溶液中,Sb(Ⅲ)与溴化四丁基铵和碘化钾形成不溶于水的三元缔合物[SbI4][TBA],此三元缔合物沉淀浮于盐水相上层,形成界面清晰的液-固两相。当溴化四丁基铵和碘化钾的浓度分别为4.0×10-4mol/L和6.0×10-3mol/L及在pH 1.6的克拉克-鲁布斯缓冲溶液中,Sb(Ⅲ)的浮选率达到100%。而Al(Ⅲ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cr(Ⅲ),Co(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),Sn(Ⅳ),V(Ⅴ)和Zn(Ⅱ)离子在该体系中不被浮选,实现了Sb(Ⅲ)与这些金属离子的定量分离。对合成水样中Sb(Ⅲ)的分离和测定,结果满意。该方法具有简便、快速和不污染环境等特点,在微量锑的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。

The behavior and conditions for the floatation separation of Sb（Ⅲ） from other metal ions were investigated in tetrabutyl ammonium bromide -KI system. The results showed that Sb（Ⅲ） combines with tetrabutyl ammonium bromide and KI into a ternary ion association precipitate [SbI4][TBA] in the aqueous solutions. The precipitate was floated well on the surface of water phase to make the system to divide into both liquid and sold phases with a distinct boundary layer. Sb（Ⅲ） could be quantiatively separated from Al（Ⅲ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Gr（Ⅲ）,Co（Ⅱ）,Mn（Ⅱ）,Sn（Ⅳ）, V（Ⅴ） and Zn（Ⅱ） by floatation, and the floatation rate of Sb（Ⅲ） achieved 100 % when the concentrations of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide and KI in Clark-Lubs buffer solution at pHI. 6 were 4.0 × 10^-4 mol/L and 6.0 × 10^-3 mol/L respectively,while Al（Ⅲ）, Ni（Ⅲ）, Cr（Ⅲ）, Co（Ⅱ）, Mn（Ⅱ）, Su（Ⅳ）,V（Ⅴ） and Zn（Ⅱ） could not be floated in this system. The floatation separation and determination of Sb（Ⅲ） in the sample of synthetic water were carried out with satisfactory results. This method is easy, rapid and no pollution environment, indicating certain practical value in separation and enrichment of trace antimony.