作物高产群体干物质积累动态模型的构建及生长特性分析

Establishment of Dry Matter Accumulation Dymamic Simulation Model and Analysis of Growth Charateristc for High-yielding Population of Spring Maize

利用归一化的方法分别将最大干物质积累(DMA)以及出苗至成熟生长天数设定为1,以相对DMA(0～1)和相对时间(0～1)为参数进行动态模拟,得到不同春玉米品种的相对化通用干物质积累模型。通过模型筛选,建立了春玉米高产群体的相对化DMA模型:y=a/(1+be-cx),并建立了不同品种的相对化DMA动态变化模型:四密25:y=1.065 0/(1+71.588 3e-6.6972x);郑单958y:=1.062 9/(1+90.424 9e-7.0640x);先玉335:y=1.051 9/(1+132.982 1e-7.7984x)。3个品种的相关性均在0.98以上,并达到极显著水平。通过其它作物对模型验证,早、晚稻以及冬小麦的相对化干物质积累动态变化趋势同样符合Logistic模型,且复相关系数均在0.96以上,说明相对化的干物质积累模型y=a/(1+be-cx)可作为作物群体干物质积累动态模拟的共性模型。该模型为"三合结构"理论所建立的产量性能等式方程(MLAI*D*MNAR*HI=EN*GN*GW)的数量化、模式化和指标化提供了理论基础。

The parameters of dry matter accumulation（DMA） simulation model varied with plant varieties, plant density and sowing date. Systematic research was conducted on DMA at the city of Huadian of Jilin directed with the above question. The max DMA and the durations from seeding to mature stage of spring maize（Zea mays L.） were both normalized as 1, and the relative DMA dynamic simulation model of high yield spring maize were screened and established. The relative DMA dynamic simulation model was screened, y=a/（1＋be^cx）, x ∈ [0,1]. Then the specific normalized models for different varieties of spring maize were established, which were Simi 25：y=1.065 0/（1＋ 71.588 3e^-66972x）, r=0.990 6＊＊. Zhengdan 958：y=1.062 9/ （1＋90.424 9e^-7.0640）, r=0.993 2^＊＊. Xianyu 335：y=1.051 9/ （1＋132.982 1e^-7.7984x）, r=0.997 0^＊＊. Tested with others data, the change trends of DMA for early rice, late rice and winter wheat were Logistic models and multiple correlation coefficients were over 0.96. The results showed that normalized DMA dynamic model could be the general model for the crop. The model of DMA provided the theoretical basis for the yield property equation（MLAI＊D＊MNAR＊HI=EN＊GN＊GW） established according to the ＂three combination construction＂.