东北地区玉米丝黑穗病菌类型分化的初步研究

The Research of Physiological Differentiation of Sporisorisorium reilianum in Northeast of China

通过人工接种的方法,利用7个对玉米丝黑穗病菌抗、感差异明显的自交系作为鉴别寄主,将其划分为4个鉴别寄主池。利用4个鉴别寄主池对东北三省的11个地区的玉米丝黑穗病菌类型进行分析。结果发现,不同来源的玉米丝黑穗病原菌对不同材料的致病性不同,可能存在5种玉米丝黑穗病原菌类型,即高致病的哈尔滨丝黑穗病原菌Ⅰ型;绥化和大庆地区的丝黑穗病原菌Ⅱ型;辽宁省农科院和密山地区的丝黑穗病原菌Ⅲ型;吉林省的白城、范家屯和双城的丝黑穗病原菌Ⅳ型;四平、佳木斯和海伦地区的丝黑穗病原菌Ⅴ型。同时,还发现高粱丝黑穗病菌对玉米鉴别寄主自交系具有一定的侵染性。

Taking the method of artificial inoculation under field conditions, the 7 inbred lines which represented different resistant and susceptible levels to Sporisorisorium reilianum were defined as differential hosts. These inbred lines were divided into 4 identified host pools. The pathogenic types of Sporisorisorium were analyzed by 4 host pools in eleven areas of northeast .The result revealed that there were 5 pathogenic types of Sporisorisorium reilianum. Pathogenic type Ⅰ, pathogen of Sporisorisorium reilianum came from Harbin（Northeast Agricultural University）. Pathogenic type Ⅱ, pathogen of Sporisorisorium reilianum came from Sui Hua and Da Qing. Pathogenic type Ⅲ pathogen of Sporisorisorium reilianum came from Liao Ning and Mi Shan. Pathogenic type Ⅳ, pathogen of Sporisorisorium reilianum came from Bai Cheng, Shuang Cheng（Research Institute of Feng He）and area of Fan Jia. Pathogenic type Ⅴ, pathogen of Sporisorisorium reilianum came from Jia Musi, Si Ping and Hai Lun. We also found that the inbred lines infected with sorphium head smut pathogen.