结球甘蓝杂优利用研究

Heterosis Utilization of Cabbage

为了选育适合贵州省栽培的强冬性春甘蓝一代种，利用强冬性甘蓝品种小青秆、丰田新１号选育了强冬性自交不亲和系青早１８８１、青早１８８２、丰田２１１，并配制了强冬性组合青早１８８２×丰田２１１、丰田２１１×青早１８８２。该组合具有冬性强、结球紧实、叶球淡绿色、叶肉厚、品质佳等特性。经生物统计，产量与对照种京丰１号相当，适合作春甘蓝栽培。总结出五项栽培技术：１、选择适宜播种期；２、重施有机质底肥，及时追肥；３、合理密植；４、及时防治病虫害；５、及时采收。对春甘蓝生产有指导作用。

? To breed the spring cabbage F1 with strong winterness which can be suitable cultivated in Guizhou,Qingzao 1882×Fengtian 211,and Fengtian 211×Qingzao 1882,the new hybrid combinations with strong winterness from the selfimcompatibility lines Qingzao 1881,Qingzao 1882 and Fengtian 211 selected from the strong winterness cabbage varieties Xiaoqinggan and new Fengtian 1. Both of the new hybrids have the characters of strong winterness,compact bulb, greenish leaf, thick mesophyll and good quality. The yields of the new combinations cultivated as spring cabbage are equal to that of Jingfeng 1(CK) by biometry.The five cultivated steps are summarized including selecting suitable sowing date,heavy base manure and topdressing,rational close planting ,controlling diseases and insects and harvesting in time