贵州绿肥的发展及高产栽培技术研究

Development of Green Manure and its Cultivation Measures with Highyield in Guizhou

直到８０年代，我省主要绿肥作物是光叶紫花苕子与兴义苕子，因其产种量低，每年需要从外地调入种子，绿肥播种面积一直较小。８０年代以来，通过对鲜草与种子产量都较高的箭舌豌豆的推广应用，促进了全省绿肥生产的发展。９０年代初以来，绿肥种植面积成倍增长，对农作物的增产和土壤改良起了积极的作用。试验研究表明，因地制宜采用稻茬套播、旱地分带轮作免耕直播等多种方式，确保适期播种，并增施磷肥、适时翻压是提高绿肥产量的有效措施。

おicia villosa var. and Vicia cracca L. were the main green manure varieties untill 1980s; as the seedyield of them was lower, and it was seeded to purchase seeds from another places, the planted area of green manure was less in Guizhou. After 1980s, because of the applying and extension of Vicia sativa L., which possesses high yield of seed and fresh grass, the production of green manure was greatly promoted. In 1990s the planted area of green manure in Guizhou was double to triple what it was in 1980s, and this brought on the increase of crop yield and the amelioration of soil. The results of research indicated that in order to get higher yield of green manure, the effective measures were summarized as seeding period, adopting interplanting in the paddy field and zero tillage and direct planting in the intercropping upland, increasing the quantity of phosphorus fertilizer applied, and ploughing the green manure in the suitable time.