基于缓冲带的区域土地利用格局梯度分析

Regional Gradient Analysis of Land Use Pattern Based on the Buffer Zones

以广州为中心的研究区域是珠江三角洲乃至全国经济发展最为活跃的区域之一,土地资源分布和利用的区域性比较明显。该研究区土地资源面临自然环境的改变、城乡建设和农业生产等多方面的需求压力,对区域的土地利用状况进行格局分析,可以为区域土地资源的可持续利用提供空间决策支持依据。以遥感和GIS作为主要的研究手段,通过遥感解译获取6种土地类型的区域分布;在GIS的支持下,以广州主城区为中心作900 m的35个缓冲区,形成35个圈层和幅度带;用梯度分析的方法,利用FRAGSTATS和GIS的扩展模块,在空间组成和空间构型两方面进行类型水平和景观水平的指数运算。研究结果显示:研究区域土地利用的破碎化程度、形态特征都有较为明显的梯度性;圈层土地利用格局的梯度性变化强度比幅度带的格局变化程度要更为剧烈。

Land spatial pattern is one of the core research objects in geography and ecology. Peal River Delta is one of the most dramatic development regions in China. The land use of district around Guangzhou is typically located as a whole. The land use under pressure comes from the changing of environment construction and the farm producing. It can be useful for the sustainable development by analysis of the land use pattern. Under the support of GIS and RS, the classification systems used in the district land is divided into 6 types including arable land, woodland, grassplot, building land, water area and wasteland according to the different ecological effects of each type of land. 35 buffers are generated with a distance of 900 meters using GIS. The buffers lead to 35 land use rings and scale gradients. The pattern indices in class level and landscape level are calculated under the help of FRAGSTATS and ArcView software. It is considered that the fragment and the configuration of the region have an evident gradient pattern.