深圳外来工子女社会认同的内隐研究

Implicit Social Identity in Non-Shenzhen Household Register Students

目的:考察深圳外来工子女对深圳社会认同的内隐态度。方法:依据社会认同理论及常用研究指标内隐联结测验(Implicit Association Test,IAT),设计了自我-地域IAT(self-region IAT,IAT1)与地域-偏爱IAT(region-favouritism IAT,IAT2)两个测验,对深圳某校初一学生采用整群抽样,有效样本119名,其中深圳户籍87名和非深圳户籍32名,对他们的社会认同进行了内隐研究。结果:(1)自我-地域IAT显示,深圳户籍被试的不一致部分反应时(1242±271)ms长于一致部分反应时(890±165)ms,非深圳户籍被试不一致部分反应时(1016±127)ms短于一致部分反应时(1097±196)ms;地域-偏爱IAT显示,深圳户籍被试和非深圳户籍被试的不一致部分反应时[(966±185)ms、(1021±133)ms]均长于一致部分反应时[(789±108)ms、(819±84)ms]。(2)对非深圳户籍样本的方差分析显示,父亲的职业为脑力劳动者(如国家机关、党群组织、企事业单位负责人、商业服务业人员、专业技术人员)的被试的身份认同测验得分显著高于父亲职业为体力劳动者(如生产、运输设备操作及有关人员)(P<0.001);父亲学历为本科的被试的身份认同内隐效应显著高于父亲学历为高中或中专(P<0.001)、初中(P=0.003)的被试的身份认同内隐效应;父亲学历为硕士的被试的地域偏爱内隐效应显著高于父亲学历为初中(P=0.042)的被试。结论:深圳外来工子女对深圳社会认同的内隐态度有其自身特点,政策和教育层面应积极引导。

Objective： To explore the non-Shenzhen household register students＇implicit social identity. Methotis： Altogether 119 junior school students, including 87 Shenzhen household register students and 32 non-household register students, were investigated with self-region Implicit Association Test （ IAT1 ） and region-favoritism Implicit Association Test （ IAT2 ） designed according to the social identity theory. Results： （ 1 ） In IAT1 of Shenzhen household register students, the discordant reaction time （ 1242 ＋ 271 ） ms was longer than the accordant reaction time （ 890 ＋ 165 ） ms. In IAT1 of non-bousehold register students, the discordant reaction time （ 1016 ＋ 127 ） ms was shorter than the accordant reaction time （ 1097 ＋ 196 ） ms. The implicit effect of self-region remarkably existed in Shenzhen household register students, but not in the non- household register students. In IAT2 of Shenzhen household register students, the discordant reaction time （966 ＋ 185） ms was longer than the accordant reaction time （789 ＋ 108） ms. In IAT2 of non-household register students, the discordant reaction time （ 1021 ＋ 133） ms was also longer than the accordant reaction time （819 ＋ 84） ms. And the region-favoritism IAT had implicit effect in both kinds of students. （2） To the non- Shenzhen household register sample, those whose father＇s job was mental work had higher score in IAT1 than those whose father＇s job was manual labour （P 〈0. 001 ） . Those whose father＇s educational degree was regular college course had higher score in IAT1 than those whose father＇s educational degree was Junior middle school （ P = 0. 003 ） and high school or technical secondary school （ P 〈 0. 001 ） . Those whose father＇s educational degree was master had higher score in IAT2 than those whose father＇s educational degree was Junior middle school （ P = 0. 042 ） . Conclusion ： The non-Shenzhen household register students＇ implicit social identity of Shenzhen has its own characteristics, and should be guided both in policy and education.