我国水土流失的经济损失评估

Economic Loss of Soil and Water Loss in China

进行水土流失影响辨识与损失分类,选择与构建系列损失评估模型和价值计量方法,对我国水土流失造成的直接与间接经济损失进行分区和分类评估。结果表明:2000年我国水土流失造成的经济损失达1 887亿元,对国民经济影响显著,尤其是在水土流失比较严重的西南和西北地区;水土流失对下游乃至更广区域的影响较为严重,造成的间接经济损失远超流失区的直接经济损失;2000年全国水土流失的面积和强度均比1990年有所降低,但经济损失增加了83%。

Distinguished the effect of soil and water loss,classified the losses,selected and established a series loss evaluation model and a method of value calculation,the paper differentiates the direct and indirect economic losses which caused by soil and water loss in China and conducts the classified evaluation.The outcomes show that in 2000,the economic loss of China which caused by soil and water loss is 188.7 billion Yuan,seriously affecting the national economy especially in the southwest and the northwest where soil and water loss are serious;the influence of soil and water loss to the downstream and even wider area is more severe,and the indirect economic loss is far greater than the direct economic loss of the soil lost area;the area and intensity of soil and water loss in China in 2000 are decreased comparing with that in 1990,while the economic loss increased 83%.