小鼠实验性镉中毒的病理学变化

Pathohistological Changes on Experimental Cadmium Poisoning in Mice

为了研究镉对小鼠正常生理功能的影响及引起的睾丸组织病理学变化,评价镉的生物毒性,选用32只6周龄的清洁级健康小鼠(雌雄各半)随机分组后分别用5、7.2、10.4、15 mg/kg(按Cd2+计)CdCl2溶液灌胃,48 h内统计各组死亡率,按改良寇氏法计算CdCl2对小鼠经口LD50。将16只雄鼠随机分为4组:Ⅰ组为对照组,100 mL自由饮水;Ⅱ组1.66 mg/100 mL Cd2+饮水;Ⅲ组3.32 mg/100 mL Cd2+饮水;Ⅳ组6.64 mg/100 mL Cd2+饮水,持续4周。记录4周内小鼠体重、临床表现、病理解剖学和病理组织学变化。小鼠CdCl2溶液灌胃的LD50为9.934 mg/kg(按Cd2+计),中毒小鼠表现为精神沉郁、抽搐等神经症状,肠道及各实质器官出血。表明亚慢性镉中毒会抑制小鼠生长,造成巨幼红细胞性贫血,引起体内各器官广泛出血,损坏睾丸正常生理结构。

To study the effect of cadmium on normal physiological function and the testis histology and evaluate toxicity of cadmium in mice, 32 six-week-old mice （both sexes） were randomly divided into 4 groups, and were intragastrically administered with cadmium whose doses were 5, 7.2, 10.4, 15 mg/kg,respectively. The mortality in each group was recorded in 48 hours. LD50 were determined by the improved Kar- ber＇s method. 16 male mice were divided into 4 groups at random, and water drinked by 4 groups was add- ed into cadmium ehloridehe with 0,1.66,3.32, 6.64 mg/100 mL （Cd2＋）, respectively, for 4 weeks. The changes of mice body weight, clinical sympotoms, pathological anatomy and pathohistology were observed within 4 weeks. As a result, The LD50 of cadmium chloridehe in mice was 9. 934 mg/kg. The body weights of mice in each dose group were significantly lower than that of control at the 2nd, 3th , 4th week except the first week. Poisoned mice showed convulsions and other neurological symptoms, intestinal and parenchy- mal organ bleeding. The results showed that subchronic cadmium exposure can inhibit the growth of mice, led to megaloblastic anemia, cause mass bleeding in most visceral organs, and damage the normal physio- logical Structures of mice.