利用赤泥制备陶瓷外墙砖的研究

Preparation of Red Mud Ceramic External Tiles and its Microstructure and Performance

以烧结法赤泥、拜尔法赤泥2种固体废弃物为主要原料,采用压制成型、一次烧成方式,制备了高性能的陶瓷外墙砖。测定了样品的吸水率、气孔率、体积密度、抗折强度及耐急冷急热性,并采用XRD、SEM测试技术对样品的相组成和显微结构进行了分析。结果表明,外墙砖气孔率达10%—21%,吸水率达5%—9%,体积密度达1.96—2.33 g/cm3,抗折强度达35—39 MPa。该外墙砖由Na(AlSi3O8)、Fe2O3、SiO2晶相组成,主晶相晶体呈板条状交织排列,赋予外墙砖的较高的强度。

The ceramic external tiles were made from some solid wastes such as sintered red mud, Bayer mud. Some additives were used to improve the properties of the ceramic external tiles which were formed by semi-dry pressing, and once-firing. The water absorption, porosity, bulk density, bending strength and thermal shock resistance were measured. XRD and SEM have tested the phase compositions and microstructure. The results shows that the porosity is about 10%-21%, the water absorption is about 5 %-9 %, bulk density is about 1.96-2.33 g/cm^3, the bending strength is about 35-39 MPa. The main crystalline phases are Na（AlSi3O8 ）, Fe2O3, SiO2, and they interlaced as lath-shaped, so the samples has the quality bending strength.