强化行为矫正干预对精神分裂症患者康复效果的评价

Evaluation on effect of strengthening behavior modification intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨强化行为矫正干预对精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响。方法将97例经住院治疗处于恢复期的精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组和对照组，研究组在给予抗精神病药物及常规护理外，同时给予强化行为矫正干预，对照组只给予抗精神病药物及常规护理，采用护士用住院患者观察量表（NOSIE），住院精神患者康复疗效评定量表（IPROS）对两组患者进行6周康复状态的评定。结果干预6周后研究组NOSIE总分和各个因子分与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义，尤其是社会能力（18．08±2．63），社会兴趣（16．234-3．21），个人卫生（17．13±1．54）等及总评分与干预前和对照组比较有非常显著性进步和改善（P〈0．01）。IPROS总分和各个因子得分均低于对照组，尤其是生活能力，社交能力，讲究卫生和兴趣有很大改善提高，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论强化行为矫正干预有助于改善精神分裂症患者残留症状，降低社会残疾程度，对提高患者生活质量及社会功能，促进疾病康复等均有积极作用。

Objective To explore the effect of strengthening behavior modification intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. Methods 97 patients with schizophrenia, who were in the rehabilitation period by the hospitalization therapy, were randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The study group was given enhanced behavior modification intervention, besides the antipsyehotics and conventional care. While the control group was given only anti-psychotic drugs and routine care. The nursepatient observation Scale （NOSIE） and the rehabilitation of hospitalized mental patients Rating Scale （IPROS） were used to evaluate the rehabilitation states of six weeks in the two groups. Results Six weeks after the intervention, the differences of the total score of NOSIE and the scores of each factor were significant compared with the control group. Especially, social competence （ 18.08 ± 2.63 ） , social interest （ 16.23 ± 3.21 ） , personal hygiene （17.13± 1.54） and the total score had a very significant progress and improvement （P 〈 0. 01 ） compared to those before the intervention and those in the control group. IPROS scores and the scores of each factor were lower than those of the control group. In particular, the ability of living, social skills, paying attention to hygiene and interest had an obvious improvement, the difference was significant compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Strengthening behavior modification intervention helps to improve the residual symptoms of schizophrenia and reduces the degree of social disability. It has a positive effect for enhancing the quality of life of patients and the social function and promoting the rehabilitation of the disease.