多因素交互作用下玉米秸秆腐解对土壤速效养分的影响

Effects of Maize Straw Decomposition on Soil Available Nutrient by Multiple Factors Interaction

为促进玉米秸秆腐解、提高土壤肥力提供技术依据,采用盆栽方法,设置对照、水、水+N、水+微生物、水+N+微生物共5个处理,研究了多因素交互作用下玉米秸秆腐解对土壤速效养分的影响。试验结果表明:添加微生物和氮肥能促进秸秆腐解,加快土壤中有机态磷的矿化,提高土壤速效磷含量;补施氮肥一方面增加了土壤碱解氮含量,另一方面为微生物提供了氮素营养,提高其活性,促进了秸秆后期养分释放,加速有机态钾矿化分解,土壤速效钾含量提高12.62%～28.19%;适宜的水分、氮素和微生物配合有利于增加土壤有机质含量,4个月后增加了7.62%～9.45%。综合比较各个处理对土壤速效养分和有机质含量的影响,水+N处理效果较好。

In order to providing technical measures for accelerating maize straw decomposition and improving soil fertility,pot experiment was conducted to study effects of maize straw decomposition on soil available nutrient by multiple factors interaction with five treatments（CK,water,water ＋ nitrogen,water ＋ microorganism,water ＋ nitrogen ＋ microorganism）.The results showed that microorganism and nitrogen supplied could mineralize organic P speedily and increase soil available P.Nitrogen fertilizer increased content of available nitrogen,in addition,nitrogen fertilizer supplied nutrition for microorganism to improve their activities,more nutrient was released from maize straw decomposition in the later period,organic K mineralization was improved,soil available K content increased by ranging from 12.62% to 18.19%.Optimal water,nitrogen and microorganism coordination could increase content of organic matter,increasing by 7.62%～9.45% four months later.Compared with other treatments,take considering of soil available nutrient and soil organic matter as a whole,water ＋ nitrogen treatment was better.