秸秆还田对日光温室黄瓜生产的影响

Effects of Returning Straw to Soil on Cultivating of Cucumber in Greenhouse

研究沃丰宝秸秆还田技术对冬季日光温室内地温的提高作用和对黄瓜早熟性、丰产性和抗病性的作用。采用沃丰宝秸秆还田技术在冬季日光温室栽培黄瓜,利用远程无限环境监测系统对地温进行监测;对黄瓜生育时期、产量、抗病性调查和分析。研究表明采用沃丰宝秸秆还田技术可以明显提高地温,前期10cm和20cm地温分别提高1.42℃和2.48℃,采收期20cm地温可提高0.44～0.93℃;可显著增强黄瓜对白粉病的抗性,发病初期降低发病率20.08%,降低病情指数35.52%,中后期降低发病率9.59%,降低病情指数30.85%;对黄瓜有显著增产作用,总产量增加17.01%。沃丰宝秸秆还田技术可提高地温、促进黄瓜早熟、延长采收期、提高抗病性并增加产量。

The effects of returning straw to soil of ＇Wofengbao＇ technology on soil temperature and cucumber cultivating are studied in this paper.The system of wireless telemonitoring system with multi-sensors is used to measure the soil temperature.The growth stages,resistance to powdery mildew and yield of cucumber are investigated and analysed.Results shows that compared with normal（non-straw）cultivating,in the environment of cultivating through straw-return of ＇Wofengbao＇ technology,soil temperature of 10cm and 20cm are improved by 1.44 ℃ and 2.54 ℃ respectively in the beginning of growth stage,the soil temperature of 20 cm is improved from 0.44 ℃ to 0.93 ℃ in the stage of picking.Growth stages is advanced,harvesting stage is prolonged for 8 days.Resistance to powdery mildew is increased obviously,disease rate and index are reduced for 20.08% and 35.52% respectively in early stage,for 9.59% and 30.85% respectively later.Yield is increased for 17.01%.As a result,cultivating through straw-return of ＇Wofengbao＇ technology can improve soil temperature,increase the yield and disease resistance and it is benefit to early mature of cucumber.