香石竹萎蔫病病原的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE WILT PATHOGENS OF CARNATION

从我国南方香石竹主要生产基地采集萎蔫的香石竹病株，分离获得病菌经培养观察，致病性测定结果表明，我国香石竹种植地区主要致病菌是灰瓶霉菌［Ｐｈｉａｌｏｐｈｒｏａｃｉｎｅｒｅｓｃｅｎｓ（Ｗｒ．）ｖａｎＢｅｙｍａ］和尖镰孢石竹专化型［ＦｕｓａｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍＳｃｈｌ．Ｓｎｙｄ．＆Ｈａｎｓ．ｆ．ｓｐ．ｄｉａｎｔｈｉ（Ｐｒｉｌ＆Ｄｅｌ．）Ｓｎｙｄ．＆Ｈａｎｓ．］。商品扦插苗在无病地种植发病率为３．４％～８．０％；病地种植后发病率高达６６．７％。在浙江省病株枯死主要发生在５月底到８月中旬，其中霉季枯死株占２／３以上。

Routine studies on the pathogenicity determination of the withered carnations,collerted from 12 main production bases of carnation in the southern part of China,showed that Phialophroa cinerescen (Wr.)van Beyma and Fusarium oxysporum Schl.Snyd & Hans.f.sp. dianthi (Prill & Dell)Snyd.& Hans.were the main pathogens.When the commercial cuttings of carnation were planted in the pathogen free soil,3.4%￣8.0% of the plants were diseased,while planted in the infested soil 66.7% of the plants were infecteds. The incidence mainly, happend from the end of May to the mid August and more than 2/3 of them occurred in the monsoon season.