岳飞题材戏曲流变考述

Evolution of Operas on Yue Fei Themes

从宋元至明清,岳飞题材戏曲始终不绝如缕地出现,今知的岳飞戏有二十多种。不论是宋元戏文还是元杂剧,均有"东窗事犯"内容的岳飞戏;明清时期,改本戏文、传奇、杂剧则对岳飞精忠报国的事迹作了全方位的表现;晚明至清代还出现了一些翻案剧,在这些剧目中,岳飞不再是历史悲剧英雄而是超历史的文化英雄。

From the Song and Yuan dynasties to the Ming and Qing dynasties, traditional Chinese operas on Yue Fei themes has been continuously performed, and so far more than 20 kinds are known. Both xiwen of the Song and Yuan dynasties and zaju of the Yuan dynasty have such content as Qin Hui plotting and murdering Yue Fei by the east window in his home. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, adaptations of xiwen, romance and zaju highlight Yue Fei＇s unreserved loyalty to serve the country. There are dramas of reversing the verdict in the late Ming to the Qing dynast which portrayed Yue Fei as a cultural hero transcending the rather than a historical tragic hero.