煤气中毒事件气象条件初步分析

Analysis on the Meteorological Conditions of Gas Poisoning Event

利用河北省疾病预防与控制中心提供的2006、2007年冬季采暖期石家庄非职业性煤气中毒病例数据,采用相关分析的方法,从大尺度天气形势、气象要素变化两方面分析了发生煤气中毒事故与气象条件的关系。结果表明:(1)煤气中毒事件主要发生在夜间到早晨时段,特别是最寒冷的12月、1月是煤气中毒的多发季节;(2)风速小(1～2级)、近地面层有逆温、气温变化不大(±3.0℃之内)、有雾霾等气象条件,不利于污染物扩散,易发生煤气中毒;(3)500hPa高空处于偏西气流、西来槽、高空槽等环流形势下,地面受低压类、均压类、高压底部等天气系统影响,不利于一氧化碳气体扩散,发生煤气中毒的可能性大,在预报服务中应重点考虑。

According to the gas poisoning data provided by Prophylaxis and the Control Center of Hebei province and the meteorological data in winter from 2006 to 2007 year in Shijiazhuang, the relationship between carbon monoxide poisoning events and the meteorological condition was analyzed. The results indicated that： （1） the gas poisoning event mainly occurs in the night to the morning, specially in the coldest December and January; （2） Small wind velocity （grade i to 2）, surface layer with inversion temperature gradient, small temperature change （within±3.0℃ ）, fog and haze are the meteorological conditions favorable to the gas poisoning; （3） 500 hPa upper air situations such as the west air current, westerly trough and upper-level trough, and the ground synoptic situations such as weak high pressure, low pressure and equal pressure, are favorable to the poisoning event occurrence. In the forecast service these weather situations should be paid more consideration.