南水北调山东受水区人体重要寄生虫感染基线调查

Investigation on soil-transmitted nematode and liver fluke infections of Shandong receiving water regions by South-to-North Water Diversion

目的调查南水北调东线工程通水前山东受水区土源性线虫和华支睾吸虫感染现状,为制定通水后干预措施提供科学依据。方法沿着输水干渠分布县,以随机抽样的方法确定目标人群,应用改良加藤氏(Kato--kata)厚涂片法检查全部目标人群,以透明胶纸肛拭法检查目标人群中的1～12岁儿童。结果共计调查7个县的21个点,粪检10510人。检出蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫、蛲虫和肝吸虫5种寄生虫,土源性线虫感染率3.72%,肝吸虫感染率为0.06%,肠道寄生虫总感染率为3.79%。各县寄生虫感染率差异较大,性别间感染率无显著性差异,学龄前儿童感染率最高,感染度普遍较轻,多虫种感染现象少见,感染1种寄生虫者占76.69%,结论受水区生态环境的改变,可能促进土源性线虫病和肝吸虫病流行和扩散。通过建立监测点、加强健康教育和消除传染源等干预措施,可有效降低土源性线虫病和肝吸虫病在受水区的流行程度。

Objective To investigate the status of soil-transmitted nematode infection and Clonorchis sinensis infection in eastern route of Shandong receiving water regions before transferring water from South to North. Methods Target population in countries along rivem transferring water were random sampled using Kato-kata method checking all the target population, and using mopping anus method by transparency plaster checking children from 1 to 12 in target population. Results There 21 spots in 7 countries were surveyed , and 10 510 persons were examined and 5 species of parasites including ascarid, hookworm, Trichuris trichura, pinworm and liver fluke were identified . The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode was 3.72%, and that of liver fluke was 0.06%, and the total infection rate of was 3.79%. The rate of one parasite infection was 76.69%. Conclusion Changes of entironment in receiving water regions may accelerate prevalence and spread of soil-transmitted nematodes and liver fluke. By taking interference measures, such as seting up monitoring sites strengthening health education and eliminating source of infection, can reduce the prevalence of the parasites in receiving water regions.