武汉市不同年龄公务员牙周炎危险因素的相关性研究

Investigation on the association of periodontitis and its risk factors among officeholders in Wuhan city

目的调查武汉市不同年龄公务员牙周状况，并对其危险因素进行单因素和多因素分析。方法2007年1月至2008年3月采用随机整群抽样的方法调查年龄30～79岁体检者493例的口腔状况，符合纳入标准458例，其中30～59岁（中青年组）288例，60～79岁（老年组）170例。其中牙周炎患者280例为病例组，无牙周炎178例为对照组。采用SQSERVER2000软件建立数据库，分别对年龄、性别、民族、学历、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒、精神压力和口腔卫生习惯与牙周炎相关性进行单因素和多因素分析。结果458例检出280例牙周炎患者，患病率为61．1％。单因素分析结果显示，年龄、学历、糖尿病、吸烟和口腔卫生习惯是患牙周炎的危险因素（OR值分别为0．44、2．27、3．44、1．75、9．82，P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。多因素分析结果显示，糖尿病和低学历（OR值分别为2．66、1．95，均为P〈0．05）为牙周炎的危险因素。以年龄分层进行多因素分析时，中青年人糖尿病与牙周炎患病率无相关性。老年组糖尿病（OR=6．91，95％CI：1．27～37．42）是牙周炎的危险因素。结论牙周炎患病的危险因素较多，老年人糖尿病是牙周炎的患病的主要危险因素。

Objective To study the periodontal status and risk factors for periodontitis in periodontitis patients at different ages in wuhan. Methods From January 2007 to March 2008, the cross-sectional survey on periodontal conditions of 493 physical examinees in Wuhan city was carried out with random cluster sampling method. 458 cases of them were in accordance with the inclusive criteria and were stratified into two groups： young and middle-aged adults （aged 30-59 years） and old adults （aged 60 years and over）. A case-control study was carried out in the periodontitis cases group （n= 280） and the control group （n= 178）. Database was created by SQSERVER2000 and SPSS11.0 was used for statistical analysis. The relationship of periodontitis with age, gender, nation, educational background, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, mental pressure and oral hygiene habits were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of periodontitis was 61. 1% （280/458）. Univariate analysis revealed that age, educational background, diabetes mellitus, smoking and oral hygiene habits were related factors for periodontitis （OR= 0. 44, 2.27, 3.44, 1.75, 9.82, P〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis showed that suffering from diabetes mellitu and low educational background were the independent risk factors for periodontitis（OR= 2.66, 1.95, all P〈0. 05）. After stratification by age, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis prevalence in young and middle-aged adults and diabetes mellitus was a risk factor for periodontitis in old adults（OR= 6.91, 95%CI： 1.27-37.42）. Conclusions There are many risk factors for periodontitis and diabetes plays a major role in the development of periodontitis in old adults.