油田采油污水回注处理技术及工艺探讨

Treatment Technology and Process of Produced Water for Reinjection in Oilfield

油田污水经处理后回注既可避免环境污染,又能节约生产成本,但不合格的注入水不仅会伤害地层,还会引起集输系统和井筒的腐蚀与结垢。概述了油田污水回注及处理的常规方法与技术,对比了常规"老三套"含油污水处理工艺、稠油污水和含聚合物驱污水回注处理工艺的特点及发展现状,并探讨了污水处理新工艺,提出了该技术发展的建议及前景展望。认为,常规污水回注处理技术及工艺都存在不同程度的局限性,需要不断完善,在此基础上发展污水处理新工艺,如悬浮污泥过滤、膜生物反应器处理工艺等,其成本低,处理效果好,可为油田带来良好的经济效益。

The reinjection of produced water after treatment in oilfield can avoid environment pollution and save production cost. However, underproof injection water would not only damage the stratum but also cause corrosion and scaling in gathering system and well bores. The characteristics and developing actuality of conditional three-step method and special treatment technologies for water containing viscous oil or polymer are compared, and new treatment technology is discussed. Future development of produced water treatment technology and some suggestions are presented. There are some limitations in conditional produced water treatment technology which needs to be improved. New treatment technology, such as filtration of suspended sludge （SSF） and membrane bioreactor, should be developed in order to increase economic benefit for the oilfield.