摘要
通过高压微射流分散法制备了稳定的纳米流体。用激光粒度仪观察了分散前后的粒径分布。纳米流体中颗粒的小尺寸效应使其对太阳能辐射体现出了与普通材料不同的特殊光吸收特性。当颗粒粒径远小于入射波长时,颗粒散射特性远小于颗粒吸收作用,其散射作用可以忽略。试验测试了多种颗粒粒径SiO2纳米流体的透射率。用太阳能模拟发生器模拟太阳能辐射,对表面加SiO2纳米流体的电池板的性能进行了试验研究,分析了SiO2纳米流体对电池板的开路电压、最大功率以及工作温度的影响。结果显示若能利用纳米颗粒特殊的光学性质改变介质某一波段的辐射特性,探索一种对太阳能可见光高透过、其他波段高吸收的纳米流体,将有望极大的提高热电联用系统的太阳能利用率。
High performance nanofluids are prepared by microfluidizer method. The size and size distribution are analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Compared to ordinary materials, nanoparticles have different characteristic of light absorption under solar radiation because of its small size effect. When the particle size is far smaller than the wavelength of light, the scattering of particle of particle can be neglected compared to the absorption. The transmittive index of nanofluids of different particle diameter is discussed in a experimental method. Solar radiation is simulated by Solar Energy Simulate Generator. Experiments on the performance of solar cell with nanofluids on the surface have been done to analyze the influence of nanofluids on opening circuit voltage, the maximum power and the temperature of solar cell. Reserches indicate that using special optical characteristics of nanoparticles to change the radiation characteristic of medium with certain wavebands and exploring certain nanofluids which can fully transmit solar visible light and absorb other wavebands will improve efficiency of utilization of solar energy for PV/T system.
出处
《能源技术》
2008年第6期366-370,共5页
Energy Technology
