灌溉水价与农民承受能力研究进展

Review on quantitative analysis approaches for irrigation water pricing and farmers' bearing capacity

从灌溉用水定价的理论基础与方法、灌溉水价的确定模式和实施方式,以及农民灌溉水价承受能力的概念、内涵、测算方法等方面,对灌溉水价和农民承受能力的研究进行述评。现有成果表明,目前灌溉用水定价方法的研究不多且偏理论化、可操作性不强;灌溉水价研究多采用自上而下的方法,忽略了用水农户的重要作用;对农民灌溉水价承受能力的概念、内涵和影响因素等缺乏深入的研究,指出了需要进一步研究的主要内容,即灌溉水价的合理性评价与测度方法、农民灌溉水价承受能力的定量研究方法以及灌溉水价改革的利益相关者分析及其影响。

This paper reviews the achievements in the irrigation water pricing and farmers＇ bearing capacity. The basic theory and method, the determining mode and delivery method of irrigation water price, and the conception, connotation and estimation method of farmers＇ bearing capacity are discussed. The achievements show that （ 1 ） at present, the pricing method is more theoretic and less feasible; （2） researches on irrigation water pricing have ignored the farmers＇ importance; （3） many studies on farmers＇ economic bearing capacity lack a thorough study on the conception, connotation and influential factors. This paper points out three aspects that should be further studied, including （1）the rational evaluation method of irrigation water cost price; （2） the quantitative analysis method of farmer＇ s irrigation water price affordability; and （3） the stakeholder analysis of irrigation water pricing reform.