国际贸易与收入差距关系研究理论回顾与评析--从传导机制角度梳理

Comment on the Studies of the Impact of International Trade on Income Distribution from the View of Transitional Channel

随着近年来各国开放程度的逐步加深与收入差距的持续扩大,对开放条件下收入不平等的研究成为国际经济学领域的热点。文章从传导机制的角度对贸易与收入差距关系的研究作一理论回顾,贸易通过要素价格、需求偏好、技术进步和弹性劳动力市场等渠道影响收入差距。大多研究都秉承经典HO定理的逻辑基础,放松其相关假设条件并将研究对象微观化,认为开放可能导致收入差距扩大而不是降低它,如何运用上述机理分析中国贸易和收入差距的关系并通过教育、相关政策的变化等调节收入差距是后续的研究方向之一。

With the prevailing of protectionism and the increasing inequality of income, researches on the impact of international trade on income distribution is becoming a hotspot. This paper introduces the development of these theories from the angle of transitional channel. Trade influences income distribution through channels such as factor prices, demand preference, technical progress and the elasticity of labor market. It concludes that most researches are related to the logic of classical theories, and argues that trade openness can increase income inequality, which may be an important direction for researches on how to regulate the redistribution policy for decreasing income inequality.