船舶惯性导航系统建模及其特性研究(英文)

Modeling and the Specification Oriented Study of the Inertial Navigation System on Ships

船用惯性导航系统乃是利用加速仪探测船舶的加速度,而加速度的产生系依牛顿运动定律—物体受外力作用后产生加速度之结果。并将所探测得到的加速度对时间积分,则可进一步得到速度与位移,若开始点的相关位置已知,则可获得船舶即时的推算位置。惯性导航系统乃一种本身能完全独立操作的自备式航仪,其特点是不受天候的影响及地理环境的限制,并且能提供所有的导航资料:包括船位置、船速、船姿态(纵摇、摇摆和旁摆之角度)等,其功能远比其它导航系统要好,为一准确度及可靠度均极佳之定位导航仪,是现有导航仪中唯一真正世界性航仪。文中讨论了惯性导航系统的机械元件部分,并且详述其操作程序、操作模式及系统的动力模型。加速仪与其他系统的机械元件的性能将依其中之可调增益而改变,文中探讨了其系统响应的性能设计。最后用电脑模拟来验证文中所提出的系统模型及相关控制装置的可靠性。

Inertial guidance or navigation system of a ship is the process of directing the movement of a ship from one point to another,and integrating acceleration to determine velocity and position. It gives data showing ships＇ headings, velocities and positions as well as the angles of ships＇ pitch, roll and azimuth, which are essential in ship＇s navigation and are attractive for military purposes. In this study, the portion of mechanical components of an inertial navigation system is studied first and then the desired specifications of the components can be assigned by adjusting the control parameters according to suitable choice of under damped response shapes desired.The working processes, the modes of operation and the model of system dynamic are explored in details.Computer simulation is made for the mechanical portion of the system to show the validity of the proposed system model and related control devices.