成人食管胸腹段血管走向观察及其临床意义

Observation of the artery trend on the thoracic-abdominal segment of the esophagus and its clinical significance

目的：观察成人食管下胸段及腹段血管走向。重点观察食管下括约肌（ＬＥＳ）区血管走向及与下胸段血管吻合关系。方法：１５例成人尸体血管灌注红色乳胶后在２倍双目放大镜下解剖观察并测量动脉分支、长度和口径。结果：下胸段食管以１支食管动脉多见，其直径平均为１．４±０．５ｍｍ。腹段食管动脉以双重支配多见。进一步解剖发现贲门区附近食管动脉呈半环状行走，其血管直径为２．１±０．７ｍｍ，长度为５．５±１．５ｃｍ，并发出３～８支小分支进入ＬＥＳ或与食管下胸段动脉发生吻合。结论：食管腹段血供较下胸段血供丰富。贲门附近半环状行走食管动脉与ＬＥＳ结构和功能有密切关系。

bjective:Observation of the artery trend on the inferior thoracic and abdominal segment of the esophagus,especially for the cardiac sphincter region.Methods:The ramifications,length and diameter of the artery was measured on 15 adult cadaveric specimens perfused with red emulsion.Results:A esophageal artery,whose the mean diameter is 1.4±0.5 mm,was very common in the inferior thoracic segment.Most of the abdominal part was found to be supply by two arteries.The semicircled artery around the cardiac was 2.1±0.7 mm in diameter and 5.5±1.5 cm in length,3 to 8 small branches of them penetrated into cardiac spincteror anastomosed with the branches of inferior thoracic segment of esophagus.Conclusions:Compared with the blood supply of inferior thoracic esophageal segment,that in abdominal esophageal segment was more abundant.The semi-circled esophageal artery is closely related to the structure and function of cardiac spincter.