起重机聚氨脂缓冲器的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of crane′s polyurethane buffer

针对聚氨脂缓冲器具有大变形吸收碰撞动能的特点,建立了相应的力学模型。应用有限元分析的方法,对聚氨脂缓冲器的碰撞过程进行分析;研究了聚氨脂缓冲器在受到冲击作用时的非线性特性;对直柱型与开槽直柱型聚氨脂缓冲器的碰撞性能进行比较。并以开槽直柱型聚氨酯缓冲器为例,分析常见的倾斜碰撞时的受力状况,得出的分析理论对聚氨脂缓冲器的设计与实际应用起到指导作用。

The polyurethane buffer, as a protection device to prevent cranes from collision, is characteristic of absorbing the kinetic energy of the collision through its large deformation. Based on this, the corresponding solid model of the polyurethane buffer was established. With the finite element analysis method, the author analyzed the process of the buffer＇s collision, stud- ied its nonlinear characteristics under the impact, and compared the performance of the cylindrical polyurethane buffer with the one having the ring grooves. Finally, the dynamical status of the buffer in sloping collision was analyzed, which took the cylindrical polyurethane buffer with the ring grooves for example. The conclusions got from the analysis are helpful for the designing and application of the polyurethane buffer.