论不当得利要件的重构——兼评不当得利请求权与相关请求权竞合

The Reconstruction of Unjust Enrichment Constitutive Requirements——Discussion of Concurrence of Claim for Returning Unjustified Enrichment and Other Claim

由于不当得利构成要件欠缺清晰化,在理论上导致不当得利之债与侵权之债、违约得利之债难以区分,并使得不当得利之债的请求权和物权的返还请求权、侵权之债的请求权产生竞合,也导致我国司法实践中不当得利制度的滥用,或是由于适用结果将违反法律最基本的公平正义而不敢适用。因此,应该从不当得利制度的物权变动理论基础视角分别对给付型和非给付型不当得利的物权变动原因进行分析,重新构建其构成要件。

Because of fuzziness of constitutive requirements of unjust enrichment, it is difficult to distinguish the debt of unjust enrichment from contract debt and tortuous debt, cause concurrence of claim for returning unjustified enrichment, contract debt and tortuous debt. Sometimes, court abuses unjust enrichment or refuses applicant unjustified enrichment because of its unjust result. So,we must analyze the causes of prestation unjustified enrichment and non - prestation unjustified enrichment and reconstruct its constitutive requirements.